基于聚类加权协方差矩阵的 ADS-B 信号分离算法

taptap下载安装安卓学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 47-52.

基于聚类加权协方差矩阵的 ADS-B 信号分离算法

王文益 1 ，张菡铄 2

1. taptap下载安装安卓电子信息与自动化学院，天津 300300；2. 中国民用航空西北地区空中交通管理局技术保障中心，西安 710000

收稿日期:2022-11-30 修回日期:2023-03-20 出版日期:2025-04-09 发布日期:2025-04-09
作者简介:王文益（1980— ），男，湖北襄阳人，教授，博士，研究方向为卫星导航抗干扰、自适应信号处理
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（U2133204）；天津市研究生科研创新项目（2021YJS023）

ADS-B signals separation algorithm based on cluster weighted covariance matrix

WANG Wenyi 1 , ZHANG Hanshuo2

1. College of Electronic Information and Automation, CAUC, Tianjin 300300, China;

2. Technical Support Center, Northwest Air Traffic Management Bureau of CAAC, Xi′an 710000, China

Received:2022-11-30 Revised:2023-03-20 Online:2025-04-09 Published:2025-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

广播式自动相关监视（ADS-B，automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast）系统采用同一频段随机广播的方

式发射 ADS-B 信号，这将导致 ADS-B 信号产生交织，威胁航空安全。目前，利用 Capon 算法分离 ADS-B信

号时，未考虑到 ADS-B 信号的脉冲特性，这会使 Capon 算法的性能大幅下降。因此，本文针对 ADS-B 交织

信号，设计了基于聚类加权协方差矩阵的信号分离算法。首先，根据 ADS-B 信号的脉冲特性分析出其在阵列

响应上的特征，借助 K 均值聚类算法筛选出只有噪声、只有第 1 条信号和只有第 2 条信号的 3 类快拍，分

别计算这 3 类快拍的协方差矩阵。其次，选择由噪声快拍得到的协方差矩阵和预抑制信号快拍得到的协方

差矩阵，并求两者之和，以此代替 Capon 算法目标函数中利用所有快拍估计的协方差矩阵。最后，结合 Capon 算

法，实现对 ADS-B 交织信号的分离。结果表明，该方法在分离 ADS-B 交织信号时的性能显著提升。

关键词:

阵列信号处理, ADS-B, 脉冲特性, K 均值聚类算法, 信号分离

Abstract:

The automatic dependent surveillance - broadcast (ADS-B) systems transmit ADS-B signals by randomly broadcasting in the same frequency band, which will lead to the overlapping of ADS-B signals and threaten aviation safety. At present, when Capon algorithm is used to separate ADS-B signal, the pulse characteristics of ADS-B signals are not taken into account, which will greatly degrade the performance of Capon algorithm. Therefore, this paper designs a signal separation algorithm based on cluster weighted covariance matrix for ADS-B overlapping signals. Firstly, the characteristics of the array response of ADS-B signal are analyzed according to its pulse characteristics. Then, three types of snapshots with only noise, only the first signal and only the second signal are screened

out by K-means clustering method. The covariance matrix of these three types is calculated respectively. Secondly,

the covariance matrix of noise snapshots and the covariance matrix of the signal to be suppressed are selected and

the sum of them is calculated to replace the covariance matrix estimated by all snapshots in the objective function of

Capon algorithm. Finally, combined with the Capon algorithm, overlapping ADS-B signals can be separated. The

results show that this algorithm can significantly improve the performance of ADS-B overlapping signals separation.

Key words:

array signal processing, ADS-B, pulse characteristics, K-means clustering algorithm, signal separation

中图分类号:

TN911.7

王文益 , 张菡铄 .

基于聚类加权协方差矩阵的 ADS-B 信号分离算法

[J]. taptap下载安装安卓学报, 2025, 43(1): 47-52.

WANG Wenyi , ZHANG Hanshuo.

ADS-B signals separation algorithm based on cluster weighted covariance matrix

[J]. Journal of Civil Aviation University of China, 2025, 43(1): 47-52.

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