复合材料双真空袋压实工艺研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 热压罐工艺存在成本高、能耗大、工效低等缺点，因此双真空袋压实（DVD，double vacuum debulking）工艺作为一种较先进的非热压罐（OoA，out-of-autoclave）工艺引起国内外学者的广泛关注。本文阐述了DVD工艺原理及结构，详细介绍了DVD工艺及其在航空器复合材料部件制造与修复方面的研究进展，总结和展望DVD工艺未来的发展趋势，指出未来应致力于优化DVD工艺参数研究，进一步改进DVD装置的内外真空袋及支撑模具，多方面分析DVD工艺的综合性能，最终应用于主承力部件的制造与维修。

关键词: 复合材料, 非热压罐工艺, 双真空袋压实工艺

Abstract:

The autoclave process has disadvantages such as high cost, large energy consumption, and low work efficiency.

Therefore, the double vacuum debulking (DVD) process, as a more advanced out-of-autoclave (OoA) process, has attracted wide attention of scholars from home and abroad. In this paper, the principle and structure of DVD process are explained, and the DVD process and its research progress in manufacture and repair of aircraft composite material components are reviewed in detail. The future development trend of the DVD process is summarized and prospected. It is pointed out that in the future, efforts should be made to the research of parameter optimization of DVD process, and furthery to the improvement of the internal and external vacuum bags and support molds of the DVD device. The comprehensive performance of the DVD process should be analyzed from multiple aspects, and then ultimately applied it to the manufacture and maintenance of the main load-bearing components

Key words: composite material, out-of-autoclave (OoA) process, double vacuum debulking (DVD) process

中图分类号:

王志平, 张璟璇, 李娜. 复合材料双真空袋压实工艺研究进展[J]. taptap下载安装安卓学报, 2023, 41(6): 9-15.

WANG Zhiping, ZHANG Jingxuan, LI Na. Research progress in composite material double vacuum debulking process[J]. Journal of Civil Aviation University of China, 2023, 41(6): 9-15.

参考文献 44

[1]	王志平, 孙凌丰, 路鹏程, 等. 电热作用对碳纤维/树脂复合材料界面应力的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2019, 36(6): 1381-1388.
[2]	朱晨, 纪朝辉, 郭英. 复合材料在航空工程中的应用研究现状及展望[J]. 航空维修与工程, 2003(3): 25-27.
[3]	MARSH G. Boeing′s 787: trials, tribulations, and restoring the dream[J].
	Reinforced Plastics, 2009, 53(8): 16-21.
[4]	马刚, 张晓哲, 唐文峰. 大型复合材料加筋壁板自动化制造技术研究[J]. 航空制造技术, 2018, 61(14): 91-96.
[5]	杜善义. 先进复合材料与航空航天[J]. 复合材料学报, 2007, 24(1): 112.
[6]	邢丽英, 包建文, 礼嵩明, 等. 先进树脂基复合材料发展现状和面临的挑战[J]. 复合材料学报, 2016, 33(7): 1327-1338.
[7]	宁莉, 杨绍昌, 冷悦, 等. 先进复合材料在飞机上的应用及其制造技术发展概述[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2020(5): 123-128.
[8]	唐见茂. 航空航天材料发展现状及前景[J]. 航天器环境工程, 2013, 30(2): 115-121.
[9]	张璇, 沈真. 航空航天领域先进复合材料制造技术进展[J]. 纺织导报, 2018(S1): 72-79.
[10]	胡记强, 王兵, 张涵其, 等. 热塑性复合材料构件的制备及其在航空航天领域的应用[J]. 宇航总体技术, 2020, 4(4): 61-70.
[11]	REPCKA L, BOYD R. Vacuum-bag-only-curable prepregs that pro－ duce void-free parts[C]//Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering Conference, SAMPE 2002, 2002: 1862-1874.
[12]	唐见茂. 航空航天复合材料非热压罐成型研究进展[J]. 航天器环境工程, 2014, 31(6): 577-583.
[13]	CENTEA T, GRUNENFELDER L K, NUTT S R. A review of out-of autoclave prepregs-material properties, process phenomena, and manu－ facturing considerations[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2015, 70: 132-154.
[14]	HARSHE R. A review on advanced out-of-autoclave composites pro－ cessing[J]. Journal of the Indian Institute of Science, 2015, 95(3): 207220.
[15]	BUCKLEY L B, TRABOCCO R E, ROSENZWEIG E L. Non-autoclave processing for composite material repair: NADC-83084-60[R]. Warminster, PA: Naval Air Warfare Center, 1983.
[16]	CHONG H M, SUBRAMANIAN A S, NG S P, et al Effect of laminate b-staging on out-of-autoclave composite repair[C]//21st International Conference on Composite Materials, Xi'an, August 20-25, 2017.
[17]	马金戈, 冯光明, 刘爱平, 等．用于民用飞机复合材料修理的双抽真空装置和方法: 中国, CN105034415B[P]． 2017-05-03． [18] 古尧. 一种降低复合材料构件孔隙率的真空压实方法: 中国, CN110654042A[P]. 2020-01-07.
[19]	EVENS M W, NELSON K E, SPALDING JR J F, et al． Systems and methods for on-aircraft composite repair using double vacuum debulk－ ing: US8986479[P]． 2015-03-24． [20] SHERWIN G R. Non-autoclave processing of advanced composite re－ pairs[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 1999, 19(2/3): 155-159.
[21]	HOU T H, JENSEN B J. Evaluation of double-vacuum-bag process for composite fabrication[C]//Materials and Processing Technology-60 Years of SAMPE Progress, Long Beach, CA, United States, January, 2004: 112.
[22]	MARK S, THOMAS C, ANDREW G. The development of out-of-auto－ clave composite prepreg technology for aerospace applications[C]//Soci－ ety for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering(SAMPE), Long Beach, CA, 2011.
[23]	COCHRAN R C, ROSENZWEIG E L. Process for preparing thermo－ plastic composites: US5236646[P]. 1993-08-17.
[24]	HOU T H, JENSEN B J. Double-vacuum-bag technology for volatile management in composite fabrication[J]. Polymer Composites, 2008, 29 (8): 906-914． [25] HOU T H, BAI J M, BAUGHMAN J M． Processing and properties of a phenolic composite system[J]． Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Com－ posites, 2006, 25(5): 495-502． [26] GARCIA-FERNANDEZ L, GARCIA-GARCIA A. Manufacturing of high complexity aircraft structure in preimpregnated carbon fiber by means of double vacuum debulking process[C]//21st International Con－ ference on Composite Materials, Xi′an, August 20-25, 2017.
[27]	KHAN L A, MAHMOOD A H, AHMED S, et al Effect of double vacu－ um bagging (DVB) in quickstep processing on the properties of 977-2A carbon/epoxy composites[J]. Polymer Composites, 2013, 34(6): 942-952.
[28]	SEON G, NIKISHKOV Y, MAKEEV A, et al． Towards a digital twin for mitigating void formation during debulking of autoclave composite parts [J]． Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2020, 225: 106792． [29] M·R·安德森, E·P·迪帕斯. 复合材料零件的双真空固化处理: 中国, CN102712142A[P]． 2012-10-03． [30] 李斌太, 张宝艳, 邢丽英, 等. 复合材料双真空袋成型工艺研究[J].
	航空材料学报, 2006, 26(3): 222-225.
[31]	汪亮, 孙玲. 双真空袋成型法在蜂窝结构拼接工艺中的应用[J].
	武汉理工大学学报, 2009, 31(21): 52-55.
[32]	李迎光, 李楠垭, 程永波, 等. 碳纤维复合材料制件的双真空袋微波固化方法: 中国, CN104494027A[P]． 2012-10-03． [33] WANG C H, DUONG C N. Bonded joints and repairs to composite air－ frame structures[M]. New York: Academic Press, 2015.
[34]	KELLER R L, OWEN W S. Process method to repair bismaleimide (BMI) composite structures: US6761783 B2[P]. 2004-07-13.
[35]	KELLER R L, SPALDING J F. Process development protocol and vacu－ um bag process for carbon-epoxy prepreg: US7857925[P]. 2010-12-28． [36] CHONG H M, LIU S L, SUBRAMANIAN A S, et al Out-of-autoclave scarf repair of interlayer toughened carbon fibre composites using dou－ ble vacuum debulking of patch[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2018, 107: 224-234.
[37]	CHONG H M, WU Z A, NG S P, et al Influence of double vacuum de－ bulking process on co-cured soft-patch carbon fibre composite repairs [J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2019, 168: 367-374.
[38]	王璠, 邢瑞山, 杨阳, 等. 盒型件、曲面复合材料双真空袋修理装置及工艺: 中国, CN110253909A[P]． 2019-09-20． [39] HUBERT P，MACLEAN A，PR魪AU M, et al Development of robust re－ pair protocols for composite aircraft structures [C]//21st International Conference on Composite Materials, Xi′an, August 20-25, 2017.
[40]	董柳杉, 孙凯, 孔娇月, 等. 大厚度复合材料层板结构损伤的热补仪修补工艺研究[J]. 航空维修与工程, 2016(1): 69-72.
[41]	董柳杉, 孙凯, 孔娇月, 等. 一种双真空热补仪工艺成型装置: 中国, CN106393747A[P]. 2017-02-15.
[42]	MOUTIER J, FOIS M, PICARD C． Characterization of carbon/epoxy ma－ terials for structural repair of carbon/BMI structures[J]． Composites Part B: Engineering, 2009, 40(1): 1-6． [43] 邢瑞山, 李志威, 郭亮. 双真空袋压实修理工艺及其对修理孔隙率的影响[J]. 广东化工, 2018, 45(11): 107.
[44]	王威, 蔡俊, 邱运朋, 等．一种采用分离式双真空袋热压成型工艺对飞机复合材料部件进行粘接修理的方法: 中国, CN110524919B[P]． 2022-07-19． [45] 王明军, 杨现伟, 彭成周, 等. 一种采用双真空袋整体成型复合材料帽型加筋壁板的成型工艺: 中国, CN105711109A[P]. 2016-06-29.